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Ever since learning about human farming, questions about farming land have arisen. These questions were sometimes simple, sometimes confused, sometimes resolved, disposed of panchas, democratically demolished like Janapad. Occasionally powerful people became kings and conquered land and became their owners. The people began to participate in the production of land in exchange for cultivation. Revenue farmer paid the rent, as some people bought land and let others cultivate it. This system continued for years, with no standards on how much to contribute or how much to pay for revenue.
The farmers who used to grow crops in the land worked hard and the landowners used to get a share of the land from the produce, in addition to giving land revenue to these farmers or to the farmers.
When the crop was ready, it was brought to Khilawad where all the parts were separated. The revenue of the State, the share of the landowner, was calculated, and the other village Chakriyatas, who used to give the farmers an annual share of five or ten shares of grain, were also paid from here.
In such a distribution, the revenue was more likely to be stolen. Also, it is difficult to get the grains collected. Therefore, it was decided to take cash as revenue instead of janasi or yield. The yield varies depending on the year. If the yield was 100% or sixteen it was decided by the amount of revenue per acre. The revenue was calculated according to yield, standard, or moksadar according to the income tax, excused or deferred. The main income of the states was only land revenue. Thus, full attention was paid to the measurement, assessment, inspection, collection and collection of land. So that the state gets maximum revenue.
The state was the revenue collector on land and the landholder was the revenue giver. But the land-holders pay revenue to the farmers by letting them cultivate the land. Alternatively, the government was exempt from the reward of the landowners. There were seven such rewards, which were abolished after independence.
Even though all these types of people do not cultivate themselves, they receive a large sum of money or produce as part of the ownership of the land, collect revenue, take tax, and also collect other taxes like wages. Some people decided to lease a certain figure to the monopoly and get the rights to collect revenue as an accountant. In all these cases, the farmers were exploited and the revenue collection was irregular, the accounts were full of confusion. In such a difficult situation it would be difficult to develop a revenue accounting system. However, from time to time the rulers collected revenue from various methods. Andersen developed the manual of accounts in 1, and so on today, the method of keeping revenue accounts accordingly is implemented.
The reign of Sher Shah Suri in India was from 1 to 5. During his short six-year tenure, he made numerous political and administrative reforms, including revenue reform. He determined the area of land by the size of the yard. The yard is two feet. Jar-ayad, Baghiad and Quarry are thus subdivided into three sub-divisions – Aval, Doyam and Soyam, which are written in Gujarati as Highest, Medium and Junior, depending on the yield of each type of cultivated, irrigated fruit and alluvial paddy. Thus, the method of determining the type of soil on the basis of productivity on the basis of the fertility of the soil is called Pratiwari.
Measuring the land, create a book for each village. Which is called ledger in Gujarati. Sher Shah called it Sarwari, the “Book of Accounts.” According to the desi nama system, the account number, land owner’s name, land details, area, size of the revenue collected, the remaining revenue details were recorded by the British in the survey. “Deposit accounts were provided. The survey number is the survey number.
The ordinance of section 4 repeals the whole Act except for the clauses relating to the transfer of agricultural land to the bean farmer and acquisition of other estates.
Gujarat Agricultural Land Top Limitation Act came into force in the sixth. The top area was decided in the state of Gujarat. This law was amended to reduce the top sector by 1. Simultaneously, some of the lands which were exempted were canceled, such as the lands of Cavid, which were considered as cultivated land in the 5th. Meanwhile, in Gujarat and Saurashtra, numerous awards and laws of land belonging to different powers were implemented and all kinds of prizes were abolished.
On 1/1/3 some of the multiples did not become buyers. They were also religious trustees. In the 5th, the government implemented the abolition of prize money, which made landowners of religious trusts.
this way, land revenue laws were implemented in Gujarat from time to time under different circumstances, with the improvement of land, land administration and revenue and the functioning of survey officers is also changing. Relationships with the people of the revenue system remain intact even today, with the direct influence of the people, the culture of agriculture and the law of land, land ownership, land and land laws.
- References Books:
- History of ancient India
- Shareholdership to date
- Tuzuke Babri
- Ain Akbari
- Mirat-Ahmadi
- Mirate-Secundari
- Land Revenue Act, 1
- Land Account Manual Pro. (JH Anderson)
- History of South India
- Gazetteer of the state of Mumbai
- Saurashtra Land Improvement Act
- Saurashtra Barakhali abolition act
- Saurashtra Estate AKV. Act
Revenue Inspection Commissioner is the Head of the Department. In addition, he is ex-officio Secretary by virtue of his office. Inspection of offices of Revenue and Panchayat relating to Revenue Work of the State is being carried out by RIC as per prescribed programme. The Commissioner carries out monthly review of revenue work of the Collector. Moreover, review work is being carried out by convening zonal meeting of Collectors. After dispatch of inspection notes to the respective offices for compliance, Memo reading is done and instructions are issued for rectification of deficiencies. In order to ensure that revenue work is carried out as per rules and laws, special revenue training is imparted to revenue officers/ employees. This includes implementation of various important Acts. In order to enhance efficiency of officers of revenue work, conference of Mamlatdars, Prant Officers and Collectors is convened periodically.
